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Fire Protection Piping
These piping systems carry different kinds of materials to put out fires from water to foam to carbon dioxide. These systems are found in industrial buildings such as manufacturing plants and airports, and most residential buildings like apartments and condominiums. Fittings include adapters, reducers, elbows, tees, flange adapters, and backup rings.
Because they are considered life safety equipment, fire protection piping systems should meet performance, safety, and quality standards set nationally and internationally. There are the International Fire Code and the National Fire Protection Association requirements. An example of a testing laboratory recognized in the USA and internationally is the Factory Mutual Research Corp. (FMRC). One company, for instance, manufactures high density polyethylene (HDPE) fittings and distributes HDPE pipes according to this laboratory’s standards. Materials for fire protection piping systems are tested for tensile strength and flexibility, ductility (plastics), resistance to rapid crack propagation, environmental stress crack resistance, and water resistance. For example, superior water resistance means fewer problems with water hammer, which is a destructive pressure wave.
Good engineering analysis and judgment is necessary in the design and installation of fire protection piping. A specific issue is soil condition when native soil will not provide adequate support for fittings. Where local soil conditions do not provide needed soil conditions, the use of geotextile fabrics, flowable fill or stabilized soils offer another way to provide good proper support to pipe and fittings to prevent excessive bending. Despite these suggested alternatives, an engineer with experience in soils will be needed to determine the best way to solve poor soil conditions.
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